.. _data-formats: Indivo Basic Data Formats ========================= Timestamps ---------- Using the standard `XML Schema `_ for timestamps in the UTC time zone, e.g. ``2009-05-04T12:34:56Z``. Null Values ----------- Null elements are represented by removal of the element (deemed optional in the schema if nullable). Null attribute values are represented by the removal of the attribute (also deemed optional in the schema if nullable).